Theoretical+Framework


 * THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK**
 * The theoretical framework consists of theories, principles, generalizations and research findings which are closely related to the present study under investigation. It is in this framework where the present research problem understudy evolved.
 * Authors of these theories and principles should be cited. As much as possible research findings and theories should be correct.

Some **examples** include leadership, management, conflict management, entrepreneurship, gender and diversity in organizations, human resources, international management, management education and development, management history, management, managerial and organizational cognition, operations management, organization and management theory, social issues in management, technology and innovation management. Note that these are **not merely topics** of discussion. These are **disciplines** with **known authors** who have developed **specific** and usually **named theories**. || In psychology and the social sciences, theories have two critical components: (a) the theory describes specific behavior(s), and (b) the theory must make predictions about future behaviors. || The theoretical framework provides support for the proposed study by presenting known relationships among variables and setting limits or boundaries for the proposed study. So what this means is (a) cite previous researchers, (b) name theories presented by previous researchers, and (c) explain how these theories tie into your own problem and purpose statements. || Use the facts, observations, and theories from previous studies to focus your ideas about new relationships among the variables or about new populations under study. ||
 * || == Writing the Theoretical Framework == ||
 * What IS the 'theoretical framework'? || Every study is based on //**something**//. This //**something**// is generally a broad theoretical area in the existing research literature.
 * What is a theory? || A theory is **NOT** a guess or a belief. A theory is **based on empirical evidence** found through scientific research that was rigorously controlled to avoid bias.
 * What is the PURPOSE of the theoretical framework? || These theories are used as the foundation of research studies. The researcher presents the theoretical framework to place THEIR research within the perspective of other studies in the same discipline.
 * New ideas from the theoretical framework || Use the theoretical framework as a springboard to new ideas. Start with recommendations for further study in specific areas in previously published studies.
 * Present the broad theoretical foundation first || Start your **Theoretical Framework** section with a broad overview of the topic. Define the broad topic and list germinal researchers in the area. Summarize the germinal researchers' key concepts. Name their theories. ||
 * Present main issues || Cite researchers who present important issues, unique perspectives, and controversies within the specific topic area ||
 * Tie in your research || Discuss how your study fits within other research in the field. ||
 * Theoretical foundations for quantitative research || In a quantitative study, your purpose is to describe your population and test hypotheses. In stating your hypotheses, you are essentially proposing a new theory. Place your population and hypotheses within the context of the existing literature. ||
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