Quantitative+Research+Questions

This page is for discussion, quotations, and thoughts regarding quantitative research questions. This statement does not have the same format or material as does a qualitative purpose statement. The resources below for the most part are quotations from different research books. I am pursuing a quantitative study, so the resources on this and other pages will focus on that. If you have additional quotations or thoughts regarding a research pages topic, please include it below. Please attempt to follow the structure, formatting, and citing examples already given. Thank you.

> >
 * "Provide some introductory discussion context followed by a list of the research questions. Research questions are distinct and answerable, given the identified constructs/phenomenon and population. The research questions must directly align with the study purpose. For quantitative and mixed studies, follow with corresponding null and alternative hypotheses.
 * 1) Include the research questions, and if appropriate based on the research design, include the hypothesis(es) and the rationale for the hypothesis(es).
 * 2) Research questions and hypothesis(es) are aligned with problem statement" (Concept Paper Template. (2011). Retrieved from Northcentral University website: http://learners.ncu.edu/ncu_diss/).
 * "Once you have identified the purpose for conducting your dissertation research project, you need to specify the questions you intend to answer with your study. These are your research questions, and they are very important. What is a research question? Basically, a research question indicates what you hope to learn from your study. There are two basic types of research questions - qualitative and quantitative. If you want to learn the what, why, and how about your research topic, then you are asking qualitative research questions. Conversely, if you want to know the extent of the relationship (or the difference) between two or more variables, you are asking how much or quantitative research questions" ( Levasseur, R. E. (2011). Dissertation research: An integrative approach. St Augstine, FL: MindFire Press. pp. 18-19 ).
 * "In quantitative studies, investigators use quantitative research questions and hypotheses, and sometimes objectives, to shape and specifically focus the purpose of the study. Quantitative research questions inquire about the relationships among variables that the investigator seeks to know. They are used frequently in social science research and especially in survey studies. . . . Guidelines for writing good quantitative research questions . . . include the following.
 * 1) The use of variables in research questions or hypotheses is typically limited to three basic approaches. The researcher may compare groups on an independent variable to see its impact on a dependent variable. Alternatively, the investigator may relate one or more independent variables to one or more dependent variables. Third, the researcher may describe responses to the independent, mediating, and dependent variables. Most quantitative research falls into one or more of these three categories.
 * 2) The most rigorous form of quantitative research follows from a test of a theory and the specification of research questions or hypotheses that are included in the theory.
 * 3) The independent and dependent variables must be measured separately. This procedure reinforces the cause-and-effect logic of quantitative research.
 * 4) To eliminate redundancy, write only research questions or hypotheses, not both, unless the hypotheses build on the research questions. . ..
 * 5) Unless the study intentionally employes demographic variables as predictors, use nondemographic variables (i.e., attitudes or behaviors) as independent and dependent variables; Because quantitative studies attempt to verify theories, demographic variables (e.g., age, income level, educational level, and so forth) typically enter these models as iintervening (or mediating or moderating) variables instead of major independent variables.
 * 6) Use the same pattern of word order in the questions or hypotheses to enable a reader to easily identify the major variables. This calls for repeating key phrases and positioning the variables with the independent first and concluding with the dependent in left-to-right order"  ( Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (3rd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: SAGE., pp. 132-136 ).